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<title>EF1α-Promotor</title>

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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">EF1α-Promotor</span></h1>

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<th colspan="2" style="background:#81BEF7; color:#000000;">Nukleinsäure

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<td style="width:33%;">Name

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<td>EF1α-Promotor

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<td>Andere Namen

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<ul><li>elongation factor 1α promoter</li>

<li>EF1a-Promotor</li></ul>

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<th colspan="2" style="background:#81BEF7; color:#000000;">Identifikatoren

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<td><a href="GenBank" title="GenBank">GenBank</a>

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<th colspan="2" style="background:#81BEF7; color:#000000;">Eigenschaften

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<td>Größe

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<p>1907 <a href="Basenpaar" title="Basenpaar">Basenpaare</a>

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<td>Struktur

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<td><a href="Promotor_(Genetik)" title="Promotor (Genetik)">Promotor</a>

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<td><a href="Taxon" title="Taxon">Taxon</a>

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<td><span style="font-style:italic;">Säugetiere</span>

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</p><p><b>EF1α-Promotor</b> bezeichnet einen <a href="Promotor_(Genetik)" title="Promotor (Genetik)">Promotor</a> des <a href="Elongationsfaktor" title="Elongationsfaktor">Elongationsfaktors</a> EF1α. Er ist neben dem <a href="CAG-Promotor" title="CAG-Promotor">CAG-Promotor</a> und dem <a href="CMV-Promotor" title="CMV-Promotor">CMV-Promotor</a> einer der meistverwendeten Promotoren in <a href="Expressionsvektor" title="Expressionsvektor">Expressionsvektoren</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>

<p>Der humane EF1α-Promotor steuert in <a href="Zelle_(Biologie)" title="Zelle (Biologie)">Zellen</a> die <a href="Konstitutive_Genexpression" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstitutive Genexpression">konstitutive</a> <a href="Genexpression" title="Genexpression">Genexpression</a> des Elongationsfaktors 1α. Er erzeugt dabei im Vergleich zu vielen anderen Promotoren der Wirtszelle größere Mengen an <a href="Protein" title="Protein">Proteinen</a>. Dadurch können dem Promotor gentechnisch nachgeschaltete <a href="Transgen" class="mw-redirect" title="Transgen">Transgene</a> verstärkt abgelesen werden, wodurch mehr <a href="MRNA" title="MRNA">mRNA</a> und in Folge mehr <a href="Rekombinantes_Protein" title="Rekombinantes Protein">rekombinante Proteine</a> erzeugt werden. Daher wird er zur <a href="%C3%9Cberexpression" title="Überexpression">Überexpression</a> verschiedener <a href="Rekombinantes_Protein" title="Rekombinantes Protein">rekombinanter Proteine</a> in <a href="Zellkultur" title="Zellkultur">Zellkulturen</a> von Säugetier-<a href="Zelllinie" title="Zelllinie">Zelllinien</a> oder -Primärzellen, darunter in humanen <a href="T-Zelle" class="mw-redirect" title="T-Zelle">T-Zellen</a><sup id="cite_ref-PMID31014302_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID31014302-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und <a href="NK-Zelle" title="NK-Zelle">NK-Zellen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-PMID30871576_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID30871576-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="CHO-Zellen" title="CHO-Zellen">CHO-Zellen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-PMID28161546_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID28161546-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rattenzellen,<sup id="cite_ref-PMID26769799_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID26769799-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rinder<a href="Fibroblast" title="Fibroblast">fibroblasten</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-PMID36441701_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID36441701-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schweinefibroblasten<sup id="cite_ref-PMID23379578_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID23379578-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und <i><a href="Schizosaccharomyces_pombe" title="Schizosaccharomyces pombe">Schizosaccharomyces pombe</a></i>, verwendet.<sup id="cite_ref-PMID18437702_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID18437702-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Der essentielle Bereich des EF1α-Promotors ist mit etwa 210 Basenpaaren einer der kürzesten starken Promotoren für Expressionsvektoren.<sup id="cite_ref-PMID37198545_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID37198545-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zelltypabhängigkeit"><span id="Zelltypabh.C3.A4ngigkeit"></span>Zelltypabhängigkeit</h2></div>

<p>Der EF1α-Promotor zählt mit dem <a href="CAG-Promotor" title="CAG-Promotor">CAG-Promotor</a> zu den Promotoren mit gleichmäßig starker Expression in verschiedenen Säugetierzellen.<sup id="cite_ref-Qin_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Qin-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Störfaktoren"><span id="St.C3.B6rfaktoren"></span>Störfaktoren</h2></div>

<p>Die Aktivität des EF1a-Promotors kann in <a href="Gentechnisch_ver%C3%A4nderter_Organismus" title="Gentechnisch veränderter Organismus">transgenen Tieren</a> aufgrund umfangreicher <a href="DNA-Methylierung" title="DNA-Methylierung">DNA-Methylierung</a> reprimiert werden (Silencing). Daher ist er zumindest für die forcierte Expression einiger Proteine, wie das Beispiel <a href="ACE2" class="mw-redirect" title="ACE2">ACE2</a> zeigt, nicht geeignet.<sup id="cite_ref-PMID35960480_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PMID35960480-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>

<ul><li>D. W. Kim, T. Uetsuki, Y. Kaziro, N. Yamaguchi, S. Sugano: <i>Use of the human elongation factor 1 alpha promoter as a versatile and efficient expression system.</i> In: <i>Gene.</i> Band 91, Nummer 2, Juli 1990, S. 217–223, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2210382?dopt=Abstract">PMID 2210382</a>.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-PMID31014302-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID31014302_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Y. Lv, F. J. Xiao, Y. Wang, X. H. Zou, H. Wang, H. Y. Wang, L. S. Wang, Z. Z. Lu: <i>Efficient gene transfer into T lymphocytes by fiber-modified human adenovirus 5.</i> In: <i>BMC biotechnology.</i> Band 19, Nummer 1, April 2019, S. 23, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-019-0514-x">10.1186/s12896-019-0514-x</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31014302?dopt=Abstract">PMID 31014302</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6480437/">PMC 6480437</a> (freier Volltext).</span>

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<li id="cite_note-PMID30871576-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID30871576_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">S. V. Kulemzin, D. A. Matvienko, A. H. Sabirov, A. M. Sokratyan, D. S. Chernikova, T. N. Belovezhets, A. N. Chikaev, A. V. Taranin, A. A. Gorchakov: <i>Design and analysis of stably integrated reporters for inducible transgene expression in human T cells and CAR NK-cell lines.</i> In: <i>BMC medical genomics.</i> Band 12, Suppl 2März 2019, S. 44, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12920-019-0489-4">10.1186/s12920-019-0489-4</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30871576?dopt=Abstract">PMID 30871576</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6417161/">PMC 6417161</a> (freier Volltext).</span>

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<li id="cite_note-PMID28161546-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID28161546_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">M. D. Rocha-Pizaña, G. Ascencio-Favela, B. M. Soto-García, M. L. Martinez-Fierro, M. M. Alvarez: <i>Evaluation of changes in promoters, use of UCOES and chain order to improve the antibody production in CHO cells.</i> In: <i>Protein expression and purification.</i> Band 132, April 2017, S. 108–115, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2017.01.014">10.1016/j.pep.2017.01.014</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28161546?dopt=Abstract">PMID 28161546</a>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-PMID26769799-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID26769799_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">A. I. Garcia Diaz, B. Moyon, P. M. Coan, N. Alfazema, L. Venda, K. Woollard, T. Aitman: <i>New Wistar Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rat transgenic models with ubiquitous expression of green fluorescent protein.</i> In: <i>Disease models & mechanisms.</i> Band 9, Nummer 4, April 2016, S. 463–471, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1242/dmm.024208">10.1242/dmm.024208</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26769799?dopt=Abstract">PMID 26769799</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4852507/">PMC 4852507</a> (freier Volltext).</span>

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<li id="cite_note-PMID36441701-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID36441701_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Y. Xie, M. Wang, L. Gu, Y. Wang: <i>CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in strategy at the Rosa26 locus in cattle fetal fibroblasts.</i> In: <i><a href="PLOS_ONE" title="PLOS ONE">PLOS ONE</a>.</i> Band 17, Nummer 11, 2022, S. e0276811, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276811">10.1371/journal.pone.0276811</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36441701?dopt=Abstract">PMID 36441701</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9704577/">PMC 9704577</a> (freier Volltext).</span>

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<li id="cite_note-PMID23379578-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID23379578_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">S. Petkov, P. Hyttel, H. Niemann: <i>The choice of expression vector promoter is an important factor in the reprogramming of porcine fibroblasts into induced pluripotent cells.</i> In: <i>Cellular reprogramming.</i> Band 15, Nummer 1, Februar 2013, S. 1–8, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1089/cell.2012.0053">10.1089/cell.2012.0053</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23379578?dopt=Abstract">PMID 23379578</a>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-PMID18437702-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID18437702_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Matsuyama, A. Shirai, M. Yoshida: <i>A series of promoters for constitutive expression of heterologous genes in fission yeast.</i> In: <i>Yeast.</i> Band 25, Nummer 5, Mai 2008, S. 371–376, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/yea.1593">10.1002/yea.1593</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18437702?dopt=Abstract">PMID 18437702</a>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-PMID37198545-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID37198545_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Li, Q. Liang, H. Zhou, M. Zhou, H. Huang: <i>Profiling the impact of the promoters on CRISPR-Cas12a system in human cells.</i> In: <i>Cellular & molecular biology letters.</i> Band 28, Nummer 1, Mai 2023, S. 41, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s11658-023-00454-9">10.1186/s11658-023-00454-9</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37198545?dopt=Abstract">PMID 37198545</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1019003/">PMC 1019003</a> (freier Volltext).</span>

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<li id="cite_note-Qin-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Qin_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Y. Qin, L. Zhang, K. L. Clift, I. Hulur, A. P. Xiang, B. Z. Ren, B. T. Lahn: <i>Systematic comparison of constitutive promoters and the doxycycline-inducible promoter.</i> In: <i><a href="PLOS_ONE" title="PLOS ONE">PLOS ONE</a>.</i> Band 5, Nummer 5, Mai 2010, S. e10611, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010611">10.1371/journal.pone.0010611</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20485554?dopt=Abstract">PMID 20485554</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2868906/">PMC 2868906</a> (freier Volltext).</span>

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<li id="cite_note-PMID35960480-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PMID35960480_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">N. Battulin, A. Korablev, A. Ryzhkova, A. Smirnov, E. Kabirova, A. Khabarova, T. Lagunov, I. Serova, O. Serov: <i>The human EF1a promoter does not provide expression of the transgene in mice.</i> In: <i>Transgenic research.</i> Band 31, Nummer 4–5, Oktober 2022, S. 525–535, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-022-00319-5">10.1007/s11248-022-00319-5</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35960480?dopt=Abstract">PMID 35960480</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9372930/">PMC 9372930</a> (freier Volltext).</span>

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